A distinction between science and philosophy can be made on the basis of the way each approach the subject. Science seeks to explain what happens in a given situation; philosophy looks to extract events from things and set them up in new ways. While philosophy needs propositions, science is not interested in lived experience. Therefore, the purpose of philosophy is to give a better understanding of the world we live in. A philosophy that focuses on the human condition does not necessarily need propositions.
Heidegger
Heidegger’s philosophy art rethinks the very notion of “earth” by calling for a rethinking of the concept of nothing. This shift in philosophical thinking caused Carnap to chafe, but ultimately he misunderstood Heidegger’s views on art. It is important to understand the significance of the’strife’ in Heidegger’s philosophy.
Heidegger’s philosophy of art begins at the mid-1930s, when the philosopher declared that great works of art unite a culture. He later claims that art in modernity is ‘dead’. Heidegger credits his student Hans Holderlin for inspiring his mature philosophy and inspiring a passionate engagement with art. This engagement liberated Heidegger from the’self-centred’ conception of art that was prevalent in the mid-1930s.
Heidegger’s romanticism extends to nationalist politics and the concept of a home ground. “Does man still dwell between heaven and earth, or can he stand rooted in a home-land?” The latter question is closely related to Heidegger’s romanticism, and is the key to understanding the concept of nationalism. It has the potential to explain a wide range of political and social movements, ranging from populist movements to fascist regimes.
The idea of an artist, as a Dasein, has repercussions on the practice of philosophy of art. Despite its ubiquity, the term “soul” is frequently misunderstood. For example, the term “soul” is used in Heidegger’s work if it is a person. The other sense of the word is “being” (which Heidegger uses as a technical term).
Plato’s metaphysical understanding of forms and their significance to the emergence of human history is at the core of Heidegger’s philosophy of art. His definition of essence is similar to Kripke’s, but Heidegger’s approach to essence is more historical, and it eschews teleological commitments. Heidegger’s philosophy of art is a key text in contemporary philosophical debates.
Heidegger’s philosophy of art has also been compared to the history of philosophy. While Heidegger himself never explicitly cited a particular painting, his most influential work – Being and Time – made him a famous philosopher. He also recognized the idiosyncratic tone of the painting – a farmer in a Van Gogh painting. And he referred to that “farmer woman” as a perfect example of how art is both a form of self and an act of love.
Heidegger’s philosophical work addresses the nature of mystery and its relationship to the world. The “self” and “object” relation are fundamentally different in Heidegger’s philosophy, but Heidegger makes no attempt to deny it. This makes Heidegger’s philosophy art essential to contemporary philosophical thought. If Heidegger’s philosophy of art is a key part of our current philosophical discourse, we must also pay close attention to the nature of obscurity in our age.
Heidegger’s philosophical theory of art emphasizes the importance of the struggle between the earth and the world. Art preserves meanings for the audience, but does so by maintaining the tension between the world of meaning and the earth. It resists exhaustion by meaning. This is crucial to ensuring the sanctity of the inexhaustible. We cannot afford not to have art that preserves the inexhaustible and is also relevant for the world we live in.
Heidegger’s philosophy art is deeply rooted in the metaphysics of “things,” and reveals the weaknesses in metaphysical conceptions of these objects. Using this perspective, Heidegger suggests that art is a form of poetry is as vast as language. As such, it has an ontological interpretation as the genesis of being. Heidegger’s philosophy art clearly traces the roots of art in the deepest, most primitive part of human experience.
As Heidegger emphasizes, an artist’s work sets up a world. He defines setting up as “erecting” in a sense of dedication. An artist’s painting, for example, discloses the world to us, while a Greek temple brought about a world by organizing and stabilizing the lives of the Greeks. The art object therefore carries the same meaning and is not simply a passive art object.
The notion of truth was central to Heidegger’s philosophy all throughout his career. In Being and Time, he argued that truth is best understood as uncovering and discovery. This is a correspondence theory of truth. But is this the best way to understand truth? Let’s examine this in more depth. So what is the truth, and how do we define it? In essence, we should be looking for the most meaningful traces of truth.
Merleau-Ponty
In Merleau-Ponty’s Philosophy of Art, he examines various forms of expression. Although he never elaborated normative criteria for art, Merleau-Ponty’s interest in aesthetics stems from his distinction between primary and secondary modes of expression. He developed this distinction in Phenomenology of Perception and expanded it in terms of spoken language. Ultimately, the aim of his work is to formulate a general theory of expression.
The first of these ideas, existentialism, is a popular category for Merleau-Ponty’s work. It’s a critical and engaged relationship with Marxism and the non-communist left. Merleau-Ponty also remained active in the non-communist movement, serving as political editor of Les Temps modernes. His work was influenced by the ideas of Marx and Sartre, who shared many of the same ideas.
In terms of time, Merleau-Ponty rejects classical views of time. Instead, he suggests that our experience of the world is primarily subjective. In other words, we are not our minds, but our bodies. We are objects of objects. That’s why we have different bodies, and the way we experience objects differs from person to person. In addition to this, we are never alone in this world.
A primary way to analyze Merleau-Ponty’s work is by analyzing how we perceive objects. He argued that our bodily positions have a profound impact on our perception of objects. The philosopher of art has an extensive body of work dealing with how we view objects. As a result, he believes that art should be more concerned with our social, political, and economic contexts.
Merleau-Ponty’s philosophical research began with the first course he took at school. He was subsequently awarded the First Prize for Philosophy at Louis-le-Grand in 1924, and continued to study philosophy at the Ecole Normale Superieure in Paris from 1928 until 1930. He was also able to meet and befriend Simone de Beauvoir and Claude Levi-Straus, whom he befriended during his time at ENS. During his time at ENS, Merleau-Ponty authored a novel under the pseudonym Jacques Heller. His professor at ENS was Leon Brunschvicg, and Emile Brehier oversaw his research on Plotinus for his Diplome d’etudes superioures.
Later, Merleau-Ponty published two volumes on politics. His political writings have gotten comparatively little attention, but they have profound relevance to the study of politics. He penned many political editorials in Les Temps Modernes and found new venues for his political writings. Merleau-Ponty’s politics, like his philosophy of art, have lasted throughout his career.
The first book, The Visible and the Invisible, is a classic example of phenomenology. Merleau-Ponty believed that the body is the primary site of knowing the world. He corrected the philosophical tradition that placed consciousness as the source of all knowledge. In this work, he articulated the primacy of embodiment and an indirect ontology, an ontology of the “flesh” world.
The second book on Merleau-Ponty’s Philosophy of Art, The Work of Art, presents an important critique of positivism. Merleau-Ponty views science as the antithesis of art. This view rejects positivism and affirms the value of individual experience in philosophy. Thus, the first volume of the Philosophy of Art is an important foundation for the understanding of contemporary art.
The second book on Merleau-Ponty’s Philosophy of Art is a collection of essays based on his theory of perception and the relationship between perception and the real world. These essays are a must-read for any art enthusiast, regardless of level of training or knowledge. The essays present the philosophical foundation for art and describe the complexities of the world. If you’re interested in learning more about Merleau-Ponty’s Philosophy of Art, this is the book for you.
In this book, Merleau-Ponty makes a significant comment about the Phenomenology of Perception. He argues that the tacit cogito is a problem. He rejects the idea of a ‘tactic’ cogito that is prior to thought and language. Merleau-Ponty’s philosophy of art, however, offers a new ontology that acknowledges the emergence of consciousness and human cognition.